The permanent magnet synchronous motor with internal magnets (IPMSM) is the ideal motor for traction applications where the maximum torque does not occur at maximum speed. This type of motor is used in applications that require high dynamics and overload capacity. And it is also the perfect choice if you want to operate fans or pumps in the IE4 and IE5 range. The high purchase costs are usually recouped through energy savings over the run time, provided that you operate it with the right variable frequency drive.
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Our motor-mounted variable frequency drives use an integrated control strategy based on MTPA (Maximum Torque per Ampere). This allows you to operate your permanent magnet synchronous motors with maximum energy efficiency. The overload of 200 %, the excellent starting torque and the extended speed control range also allow you to fully exploit the motor rating. For a fast recovery of costs and the most efficient control processes.
Permanent magnet synchronous motors with external magnets (SPMSM) are ideal motors when you need high overloads and rapid acceleration, for example in classic servo applications. The elongated design also results in low mass inertia and can be optimally installed. However, one disadvantage of the system consisting of SPMSM and variable frequency drive is the costs associated with it, as expensive plug technology and high-quality encoders are often used.
KOSTAL INVEOR variable frequency drives give you the opportunity to reduce your expenditure on permanent magnet synchronous motors with external magnets, because the smart technology of the INVEOR drive controllers means you can dispense with the costly encoders. So you get efficient SPMSM performance for your servo technology – at the best purchase price.
Motors and Motor Controller Solutions have served Automotive Industry since time immemorial!
And the ongoing innovations in Motors and the Motor Control Systems have ensured that motors are becoming integral part of diverse set of Automotive Applications.
With efficiency as the motive, Motors and Motor Control Solutions are living up to the expectations of the Automotive Industry (including the Electric Vehicle space)
Interestingly, there are two specific types of Motors that have stood the test of time and have evolved tremendously.
They are popularly known as:
While BLDC Motors have replaced the Brushed DC Motors, PMSM Motors have come across as a better alternative to AC Induction motor.
When exploring the automotive landscape, the ongoing debate over PMSM vs BLDC motors remains a pivotal aspect of technological advancements.
Both these Motors find application in some of the most innovative automotive applications. For instance, PMSM is now the de-facto Motor deployed in the Drivetrain of Electric Vehicles.
Likewise, applications like Electric Power Steering and HVAC systems function at their best when a BLDC Motor drives them. However, these Motors can be sometimes deployed interchangeably, depending on certain specific use-cases.
Before we delve deeper into the applications, let’s have a little understanding of How PMSM and BLDC Motors work?
In the course, we will also try to discuss about the inherent differences between these two motors.
In the dynamic automotive industry, engineers often find themselves weighing the advantages and disadvantages of PMSM vs BLDC motors for various applications.
Highlights of a BLDC Motor:
*For in-depth details regarding the Motor Control Systems, please refer to our blog.
Advantages of BLDC Motors:
However, the change lies in the wave form of the Back EMF which is sinusoidal in nature. This is so because the coils are wound on the Stator in a Sinusoidal manner.
It also implies that PMSM requires Alternating Current (Sinusoidal in nature) to achieve the best performance. This type of drive current also reduces the noise produced by the motor. We will discuss the concept of Back EMF in our upcoming blog on Field Oriented Control (FOC).
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Advantages of PMSM Motors:
There is no major difference in motor control systems of BLDC and PMSM Motors; except the nature of the Drive Current and the detection of the Rotor Position.
While we have discussed the drive-current required for both the motors, let’s now talk about the importance of rotor position detection.
The right time to switching on the Motor Phase Current (motor commutation) is important in order to assess the correct amount of energy. In sensor-based motors, the HALL effect sensors do this job.
In a BLDC motor, the rotor position is usually detected by a set of 3 HALL effect sensors. The commutation is achieved through a six-step process. This results in small breaks in commutation which in turn causes torque ripples (periodic increase/decrease in torque output of the motor) at the end of every step.
A PMSM motor in contrast, requires only one HALL effect sensor as the commutation is continuous. Hence, the rotor position is monitored at every instance and is measured by the sensor and passed on to the PMSM Motor Controller Solution.
One of the advantages of PMSM motor is the absence of Torque ripple, which makes these motors more efficient than BLDC.
Both BLDC and PMSM Motors find extensive use in the automotive industry, often interchangeably, based on specific use-cases. BLDC Motors, known for their durability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness, excel in continuous operation scenarios. Applications like Electronic Power Steering Systems and HVAC Systems benefit from the high-speed capabilities and reliability of BLDC Motors.
PMSM Motors, building on the attributes of BLDC Motors, offer additional advantages such as lower noise and higher efficiency. They find application in servo mechanisms in automobiles, contributing to higher energy-level motion with efficiency and durability. In the realm of Electric Vehicle drivetrains, PMSM Motors are preferred for their high power density and efficient motor control solutions.
Exploring the intricacies of BLDC vs PMSM motors sheds light on the diverse approaches taken by manufacturers to meet the evolving demands of the automotive market.
Let’s see some common applications of these motors, starting with Brushless DC Motors:
BLDC motors also aid in regenerative braking which is about charging the battery at every instance of braking. The Permanent magnets and the external torque work together as a generator to pulse-charge the battery.
The precision and high torque characteristics of both BLDC and PMSM Motors make them ideal candidates for advanced robotics applications. In the realm of robotics, motors play a crucial role in ensuring precise and efficient movement. Exploring how these motors contribute to the field of robotics unveils new dimensions of technological integration and innovation.
As we push the boundaries of technology, the concept of quantum motor control is emerging on the horizon. Quantum motor control explores the potential applications of quantum mechanics in enhancing the performance and efficiency of electric motors. While in its infancy, delving into the possibilities of quantum motor control opens up intriguing avenues for future innovations in the field.
As the automotive industry transitions towards electrification, the PMSM vs BLDC debate encapsulates the essence of the quest for optimal energy utilization and superior driving dynamics.
New features are being introduced in the vehicles at an unprecedented rate. And motors, especially smart motor systems are at the core of such innovations.
Applications like ADAS are also driven by several small electronically driven motors.
As the world moves faster towards electric vehicles, the motors and motor control systems are destined to evolve at a much higher speed.
Because, that is only how electric vehicles shall get wider acceptance among consumers who are more familiar with IC engine vehicles.
Embitel’s commitment to providing advanced motor control solutions aligns with the industry’s journey towards a sustainable and electrified future. Check out one of our motor control case studies for a better understanding of our work in this domain.
Stay tuned for more insights into the intricate world of motors and their evolving role in the automotive domain.