The ‘crystal lattice’ is the pattern formed by the points and used to represent the positions of these repeating structural elements. The periodic structure of an ideal crystal is most easily described by a lattice. The crystal lattice is the array of points at the corners of all the unit cells in the crystal structure.
The crystal lattice is the symmetrical three-dimensional structural arrangements of atoms, ions or molecules (constituent particle) inside a crystalline solid as points. It can be defined as the geometrical arrangement of the atoms, ions or molecules of the crystalline solid as points in space.
Unit Cell is the smallest part (portion) of a crystal lattice. It is the simplest repeating unit in a crystal structure. The entire lattice is generated by the repetition of the unit cell in different directions.
There are six parameters of a unit cell. These are the 3 edges which are a, b, c and the angles between the edges which are α, β, γ. The edges of a unit cell may be or may not be perpendicular to each other.
When the constituent particles occupy only the corner positions, it is known as Primitive Unit Cells. A primitive cell is formed by the constituent particles when the effective number of atoms of the unit cell is one.
When the constituent particles occupy other positions in addition to those at corners, it is known as Centred Unit Cell. There are 3 types of Centred Unit Cells:
A lattice is an ordered set of points that define the structure of a crystal-forming particle. The lattice points identify the unit cell of a crystal. All the particles (yellow) are the same in the drawn structure.
Q2The points in a crystal lattice in the model crystal represent the positions of structural units (atoms, molecules or ions). Every lattice point in the crystal has the same surroundings as the actual crystal structural units.
Q3Unit cell corner is described by a lattice point at which the crystal contains an atom, ion, or molecule. The cubic unit cell centred on the body is the simplest repeating unit in a cubic structure centred on the body. Once again, the eight corners of the unit cell contain eight similar particles.
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Q4If one mole of an ionic compound is formed, it is the energy produced. That ensures that when the compound’s individual ions come together to form the crystal lattice, they need less energy to remain together so that they release it and the energy released is called the energy of the lattice.
Q5The ionic crystal consists of electrostatic attraction linking ions together. The arrangement of ions is called a crystal lattice in a regular, geometric structure. The alkali halides are examples of such crystals, including: potassium fluoride (KF)
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